TECH EXPLAINED: What is malware and how does it work? Learn about its types and prevention methods.
Cyber attackers and hackers use malware to target people. There are many types of malware and they are designed for different purposes.
What is Malware: If you use smartphones and computers, you've likely heard of malware. Malware is a term used to describe malicious software. This malicious software is designed to damage, disrupt, or steal devices. Hackers typically use malware to gain unauthorized access to a device or to hack. Today, we're going to explain malware in detail.
What is Malware?
Malware is invasive software or computer code designed to infect, damage, or gain access to a computer system. There are many types of malware, and each affects a device differently, but all are designed to compromise the security and privacy of computer systems. Malware is used to target not only computers but also mobile devices.
How does malware work?
All malware has a similar basic working pattern. Clicking on a link or website containing malware installs it on the system. Hackers also often attach malware to files. Therefore, as these files are shared, the malware is also shared. Regarding mobile devices, malware can also be installed through text messages. In this way, malware can be installed into the system in many ways. Once installed, it begins its work. Hackers design each malware for different purposes, so it works at the hacker's command. Hackers use malware because it makes it easier for them to breach security protocols and target more people.
These are the types of malware:
Ransomware - This malware is used to extort ransom. Once installed, ransomware locks the system or files and demands a ransom in return.
Spyware - This is used to collect information about a device or network. Once installed on a system, it sends all the information to attackers. This allows attackers to control everything from the device's microphone to its camera.
Worms - Once inside a computer, they replicate and multiply. At times, they become so numerous that they can cause the network to crash. Worms can also be used to install malware on a system.
Adware - As the name suggests, these are designed to generate revenue through advertising. Once installed, they display unwanted ads to users one after another. They also collect personal data from the system, based on which ads are personalized.
Trojans - Trojans are malware that conceal other malware. Trojans typically attempt to install themselves on a user's device through legitimate software. Once installed, they also install the malware they are hiding inside.
Botnets - A botnet is not a type of malware, but rather a network of computer code that executes malware. In this system, attackers infect a group of computers with bot malware, transferring control to someone else. This is used to send spam and create fake ads.
How is malware detected in a system?
Malware can be detected in your system by recognizing certain signs. If you notice that your device's speed has slowed down significantly, it could be the work of malware. Malware uses the device's processing resources, leaving power for other tasks and slowing down the system. Furthermore, malware also consumes storage space. If your storage space suddenly runs out, it could be a sign of malware. Other signs include a sudden appearance of pop-up ads on your system, indicating that your system is no longer fully secure.
How to prevent malware attacks?
To protect against various types of malware, it is recommended to use anti-malware software. This software can identify and remove malware. Additionally, following the tips below can also help prevent malware.
Do not click on suspicious pop-up ads and banner ads.
Do not open messages, files, or email attachments from suspicious or unknown individuals.
Keep your software updated to protect against security vulnerabilities.
Always download apps and files from trusted sources.
Continuously back up data stored on your system to minimize losses in the event of a data breach.
