Following the UPSC model of Preliminary and Main exams—why are exam rules changing across states from UP to Bihar?
Government Job Exam System: Bihar is currently embroiled in controversy over the introduction of a two-tier exam system—comprising Preliminary (Pre) and Main (Mains) exams—for competitive examinations. Students in Patna are protesting against the BPSC (Bihar Public Service Commission) today, demanding the withdrawal of this decision. Amidst this, a statement by the Controller of Examinations has drawn attention; it notes that many states across the country already employ a Prelims and Mains exam structure modeled after the UPSC. This is not a new system. Let us explore why this UPSC-style Prelims and Mains model is being implemented and what the potential benefits and drawbacks are for students. We will also discuss the recommendations made by the Radhakrishnan Committee and the Economic Offences Unit (EOU).
Why are states implementing a two-level exam system?
In recent years, numerous complaints regarding paper leaks, cheating, impersonation by fake candidates, and management issues have surfaced in government recruitment exams. Consequently, several states have moved towards adopting a two-level exam system to make the selection process more transparent and credible.
Why the UPSC Pre and Mains model?
The UPSC has long selected candidates through a Prelims and Mains format. A key feature of this model is that a large number of candidates are screened in the initial stage, allowing only qualified candidates to proceed to the Mains exam.
Experts believe this makes the recruitment process more organized. It also allows for better assessment of candidates across different stages. State governments are attempting to strengthen their selection systems along these same lines.
Recommendations by the Radhakrishnan Committee and EOU also served as a basis.
The Radhakrishnan Committee emphasized conducting a two-level examination to make the system more transparent and effective. Similarly, the Economic Offences Unit (EOU) supported this recommendation to enhance the transparency and security of the examination process. Based on these suggestions, many states began considering a multi-level exam model, and some have already implemented it.
What are the benefits?
Now, let us consider how students stand to benefit from this change in the examination system...
The primary advantage of the 'Prelims and Mains' model is considered to be the ease with which meritorious candidates can be identified.
The Mains examination can feature analytical and subject-specific questions, allowing for a better assessment of the candidates' actual capabilities.
Additionally, it simplifies the management of examinations involving a large number of candidates.
What are the downsides?
On the other hand, a section of candidates believes that a two-stage examination increases both the time and cost of preparation. Candidates have to go through an extensive selection process, and the declaration of final results may take longer.
This is precisely why the debate over this issue continues in Bihar; proponents view it as a means to ensure transparency and quality, while opponents regard it as an additional burden on students.
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